{"id":35542,"date":"2017-02-07T17:08:36","date_gmt":"2017-02-07T16:08:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.emagister.com\/blog\/?p=35542"},"modified":"2021-05-21T13:08:54","modified_gmt":"2021-05-21T11:08:54","slug":"los-examenes-no-sirven-aprender","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.emagister.com\/blog\/los-examenes-no-sirven-aprender\/","title":{"rendered":"Los ex\u00e1menes no sirven para aprender"},"content":{"rendered":"

Normalmente, despu\u00e9s de las vacaciones de navidad y de la relajaci\u00f3n que esos d\u00edas suponen, llegan los temidos ex\u00e1menes finales. No obstante, desde que se implant\u00f3 el plan Bolonia y lo que ello introdujo, muchos estudiantes se preguntan si vale la pena ese esfuerzo de \u00faltima hora o incluso cuestionan el sentido de estos ex\u00e1menes finales.<\/p>\n

Ya hace 6 a\u00f1os que se implant\u00f3 dicho plan (Espacio Europeo de educaci\u00f3n superior EEES), intentando que los alumnos desarrollen m\u00e1s competencias pr\u00e1cticas y no absorber conocimientos en grandes dosis, sustituyendo ex\u00e1menes por trabajos. As\u00ed pues, con unos a\u00f1os para poder valorar c\u00f3mo funciona, \u00bfrealmente ha cambiado la forma de evaluar a los estudiantes o los ex\u00e1menes finales siguen teniendo tanta importancia como antes?<\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan un estudio del Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad sobre el impacto de los diferentes m\u00e9todos de evaluaci\u00f3n educativa en el desarrollo de las competencias en la universidad, el examen sigue siendo el sistema de evaluaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s utilizado en Espa\u00f1a, aunque los alumnos lo consideran muy poco \u00fatil para el desarrollo de sus competencias. Nati Cabrera<\/strong>, doctora e investigadora en tecnolog\u00eda y educaci\u00f3n de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)<\/a>, particip\u00f3 en dicho estudio y, en este aspecto, piensa que \u201csi ense\u00f1amos bien con actividades m\u00e1s participativas y creativas, con resoluci\u00f3n de problemas, poniendo en juego la capacidad cr\u00edtica de los estudiantes, un examen final para vomitar contenido no tiene ning\u00fan sentido<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n

El estudio dej\u00f3 varias conclusiones a analizar, pero una de las m\u00e1s destacadas es que los estudiantes no ven los ex\u00e1menes como una oportunidad para aprender, lo ven m\u00e1s como una herramienta de los docentes para poner una calificaci\u00f3n a cada alumno, en cuyo caso valoran m\u00e1s la capacidad de memorizar y \u201cvomitar\u201d sobre el papel que el hecho de saber realmente lo que est\u00e1n absorbiendo. Cabrera, por su parte, considera que los profesores siguen confiando demasiado en los ex\u00e1menes, aunque la informaci\u00f3n que aportan no sirve para que los estudiantes puedan mejorar, ya que una vez tienen la nota el proceso ha finalizado.<\/p>\n

Aprendizaje m\u00e1s continuado y menos intenso<\/strong><\/h3>\n

De momento, el plan Bolonia se aplica de forma diferente en cada centro o incluso en cada asignatura, cuando no deber\u00eda ser as\u00ed. Los estudiantes reclaman una evaluaci\u00f3n continuada real, pero esto no significa que en vez de un examen semestral, se hagan tres. Para Cabrera, \u201cla evaluaci\u00f3n ha de ser una herramienta \u00fatil para mejorar<\/strong>, un instrumento que establezca un di\u00e1logo entre el profesor y el estudiante, que a lo largo del proceso vaya viendo qu\u00e9 va aprendiendo y qu\u00e9 debe rectificar\u201d.\"uoc\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Por otra parte, Modesta Pousada<\/strong>, profesora de los Estudios de Psicolog\u00eda y Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n de la UOC<\/a>, asegura que absorber todo el contenido, empollar para repetir o vomitar lo que se sabe, no es un aprendizaje significativo, y precisamente el cambio de Bolonia lo que intenta es que el aprendizaje sea significativo, que tenga sentido, que no tengas que aprender un contenido te\u00f3rico de memoria<\/strong>, sino que el conocimiento sirva para resolver situaciones reales.<\/p>\n

Por tanto, y volviendo a la pregunta que se planteaba al principio, para Pousada \u201clos famosos esprints de \u00faltima hora cada vez tienen menos sentido\u201d. Adem\u00e1s, considera que, de este modo, \u201cse tienen muchas m\u00e1s garant\u00edas de que lo que se aprende realmente se asimila\u201d. La profesora de psicolog\u00eda asegura que hay estudios que demuestran que \u201cla pr\u00e1ctica distribuida es mucho m\u00e1s efectiva que la pr\u00e1ctica masiva\u201d, por lo que si se espacian m\u00e1s las horas de estudio, se puede llegar a aprender lo mismo invirtiendo menos horas. Lo que para Pousada es evidente, es que d\u00edas antes del examen \u201cno es el momento de resolver lo que no se ha hecho durante el curso, aunque puede servir para detectar lo que se ha de repasar\u201d.<\/p>\n

Fuente: UOC News<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Normalmente, despu\u00e9s de las vacaciones de navidad y de la relajaci\u00f3n que esos d\u00edas suponen, llegan los temidos ex\u00e1menes finales. … Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":160,"featured_media":35544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[785],"tags":[879,1144,2528,2832,3207,3210,3265,3952,7472,7473,10141],"class_list":["post-35542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nuestros-clientes","tag-examenes","tag-plan-bolonia","tag-metodos-educativos","tag-noticias-de-centros-de-formacion","tag-uoc","tag-3210","tag-centros-de-formacion","tag-universitat-oberta-de-catalunya","tag-evaluacion-continua","tag-formacion-practica","tag-noticiaselpais","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-25"],"acf":{"noticiasElPais":{"custom_snippet_image":false,"custom_snippet_title":"","custom_snippet_description":""},"noticiasLaVanguardia":{"custom_snippet_image":false,"custom_snippet_title":"","custom_snippet_description":""},"hreflang":[{"url":""}],"estilo_titulo":"","fecha":"no"},"yoast_head":"\nLos ex\u00e1menes no sirven para aprender - Blog Emagister<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.emagister.com\/blog\/los-examenes-no-sirven-aprender\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Los ex\u00e1menes no sirven para aprender\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Normalmente, despu\u00e9s de las vacaciones de navidad y de la relajaci\u00f3n que esos d\u00edas suponen, llegan los temidos ex\u00e1menes finales. ... 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